PineConnector Pulse · Open research · August 2026 edition

The state of retail trading automation. Measured.

Since January 2021, PineConnector has carried retail trading signals from TradingView into MetaTrader — around 200 million of them. Every one is a decision a trader trusted to code instead of a mouse click. Pulse publishes what that flow looks like, on this page, as aggregates anyone can use and cite.

2021bridging signals since January
200M+signals processed to date
214markets tracked this edition
Monthlyaggregate releases, citable by design
Sample dataThe figures on this page are placeholders used to validate the publication template. They are not measurements and must not be cited.

Why we publish this

Retail traders who automate are almost invisible in the data everyone else works from. Exchanges see orders, not whether a human or a strategy placed them. Brokers see their own book. Surveys ask people what they think they do. The bridge between the world's largest charting platform and the world's most-used retail trading terminals sees something nobody else can: what retail actually automates, at scale, in the wild.

Publishing it as open aggregates makes that visibility useful to everyone:

For traders

A benchmark for your own choices. Is the market you automate a crowded lane or a frontier? Is your long-only bot swimming with the flow or against it? Are you trading the hours where automated flow concentrates — or the ones it avoids?

For strategy builders & educators

A demand signal. What retail actually automates — by asset class, by direction, by session — tells you what to build, backtest and teach next, instead of guessing from forum chatter.

For brokers & platforms

An infrastructure planning input. When automated retail flow peaks and where it concentrates is exactly what capacity, liquidity and support staffing decisions need.

For researchers & journalists

A primary, citable source on a population academic literature barely covers: systematic retail flow. Every figure ships with its methodology, its data table and a canonical citation.

01 · Most automated markets

Where the flow concentrates

Top markets by share of tracked automated flow in August 2026 — measured across 3.8M signals in 214 markets — and which way each market's flow leaned. The remaining 21.4% spreads across 204 smaller markets.

Share of tracked automated flow

August 2026 · top 10 markets

0%10%20%Gold (XAU/USD): 22.6%Gold (XAU/USD)22.6%EUR/USD: 14.2%EUR/USD14.2%NAS100: 9.8%NAS1009.8%GBP/USD: 7.4%GBP/USD7.4%BTC/USD: 6.1%BTC/USD6.1%US30: 5.2%US305.2%USD/JPY: 4.9%USD/JPY4.9%Silver (XAG/USD): 3.4%Silver (XAG/USD)3.4%GER40: 2.8%GER402.8%USD/CAD: 2.2%USD/CAD2.2%

Which way the flow leans

Net long bias per market (long % − short %). Right of the axis skews long, left skews short.

← skews shortskews long →-30.0-15.00+15.0+30.0BTC/USD: +27.6 points long biasBTC/USD+27.6Gold (XAU/USD): +22.8 points long biasGold (XAU/USD)+22.8Silver (XAG/USD): +17.2 points long biasSilver (XAG/USD)+17.2NAS100: +15.8 points long biasNAS100+15.8US30: +10.4 points long biasUS30+10.4EUR/USD: +5.4 points long biasEUR/USD+5.4GER40: +3.8 points long biasGER40+3.8GBP/USD: -1.4 points short biasGBP/USD-1.4USD/JPY: -7.8 points short biasUSD/JPY-7.8USD/CAD: -10.4 points short biasUSD/CAD-10.4net bias, percentage points (long % − short %)
Data table
Data — top markets, August 2026
MarketShare of flowLongShortNet bias
Gold (XAU/USD)22.6%61.4%38.6%+22.8 pts
EUR/USD14.2%52.7%47.3%+5.4 pts
NAS1009.8%57.9%42.1%+15.8 pts
GBP/USD7.4%49.3%50.7%-1.4 pts
BTC/USD6.1%63.8%36.2%+27.6 pts
US305.2%55.2%44.8%+10.4 pts
USD/JPY4.9%46.1%53.9%-7.8 pts
Silver (XAG/USD)3.4%58.6%41.4%+17.2 pts
GER402.8%51.9%48.1%+3.8 pts
USD/CAD2.2%44.8%55.2%-10.4 pts

02 · Asset classes

Where the flow lives

Automated retail flow is not spread evenly. Jump to a class — symbol shares below are within each class.

Foreign exchange44.6% of all flow

Most active symbols

Share of foreign exchange flow · August 2026 · remaining 14.6% below threshold or outside the top list

0%10%20%30%EUR/USD: 31.8%EUR/USD31.8%GBP/USD: 16.6%GBP/USD16.6%USD/JPY: 11%USD/JPY11%AUD/USD: 7.9%AUD/USD7.9%USD/CAD: 6.8%USD/CAD6.8%EUR/GBP: 4.4%EUR/GBP4.4%NZD/USD: 3.7%NZD/USD3.7%USD/CHF: 3.2%USD/CHF3.2%

Which way the flow leans

Net long bias per symbol (long % − short %)

← skews shortskews long →-20.0-10.00+10.0+20.0NZD/USD: +6.8 points long biasNZD/USD+6.8EUR/USD: +5.4 points long biasEUR/USD+5.4AUD/USD: +2.4 points long biasAUD/USD+2.4EUR/GBP: +1.2 points long biasEUR/GBP+1.2GBP/USD: -1.4 points short biasGBP/USD-1.4USD/JPY: -7.8 points short biasUSD/JPY-7.8USD/CHF: -9.4 points short biasUSD/CHF-9.4USD/CAD: -10.4 points short biasUSD/CAD-10.4net bias, percentage points (long % − short %)
Data table
Data — Foreign exchange, August 2026
SymbolShare of class flowLongShortNet bias
EUR/USD31.8%52.7%47.3%+5.4 pts
GBP/USD16.6%49.3%50.7%-1.4 pts
USD/JPY11%46.1%53.9%-7.8 pts
AUD/USD7.9%51.2%48.8%+2.4 pts
USD/CAD6.8%44.8%55.2%-10.4 pts
EUR/GBP4.4%50.6%49.4%+1.2 pts
NZD/USD3.7%53.4%46.6%+6.8 pts
USD/CHF3.2%45.3%54.7%-9.4 pts

Commodities28.3% of all flow

Most active symbols

Share of commodities flow · August 2026 · remaining 1.1% below threshold or outside the top list

0%25%50%75%Gold (XAU/USD): 79.9%Gold (XAU/USD)79.9%Silver (XAG/USD): 12%Silver (XAG/USD)12%Crude Oil (WTI): 5.4%Crude Oil (WTI)5.4%Natural Gas: 1.6%Natural Gas1.6%

Which way the flow leans

Net long bias per symbol (long % − short %)

← skews shortskews long →-30.0-15.00+15.0+30.0Gold (XAU/USD): +22.8 points long biasGold (XAU/USD)+22.8Silver (XAG/USD): +17.2 points long biasSilver (XAG/USD)+17.2Natural Gas: -5.6 points short biasNatural Gas-5.6Crude Oil (WTI): -12.6 points short biasCrude Oil (WTI)-12.6net bias, percentage points (long % − short %)
Data table
Data — Commodities, August 2026
SymbolShare of class flowLongShortNet bias
Gold (XAU/USD)79.9%61.4%38.6%+22.8 pts
Silver (XAG/USD)12%58.6%41.4%+17.2 pts
Crude Oil (WTI)5.4%43.7%56.3%-12.6 pts
Natural Gas1.6%47.2%52.8%-5.6 pts

Equity indices17.8% of all flow

Most active symbols

Share of equity indices flow · August 2026 · remaining 2% below threshold or outside the top list

0%25%50%NAS100: 52.4%NAS10052.4%US30: 27.9%US3027.9%GER40: 12.1%GER4012.1%US500: 5.6%US5005.6%

Which way the flow leans

Net long bias per symbol (long % − short %)

← skews shortskews long →-20.0-10.00+10.0+20.0NAS100: +15.8 points long biasNAS100+15.8US500: +12.6 points long biasUS500+12.6US30: +10.4 points long biasUS30+10.4GER40: +3.8 points long biasGER40+3.8net bias, percentage points (long % − short %)
Data table
Data — Equity indices, August 2026
SymbolShare of class flowLongShortNet bias
NAS10052.4%57.9%42.1%+15.8 pts
US3027.9%55.2%44.8%+10.4 pts
GER4012.1%51.9%48.1%+3.8 pts
US5005.6%56.3%43.7%+12.6 pts

Crypto9.3% of all flow

Most active symbols

Share of crypto flow · August 2026 · remaining 3.9% below threshold or outside the top list

0%25%50%BTC/USD: 65.6%BTC/USD65.6%ETH/USD: 24.3%ETH/USD24.3%SOL/USD: 6.2%SOL/USD6.2%

Which way the flow leans

Net long bias per symbol (long % − short %)

← skews shortskews long →-40.0-20.00+20.0+40.0SOL/USD: +33.8 points long biasSOL/USD+33.8BTC/USD: +27.6 points long biasBTC/USD+27.6ETH/USD: +20.4 points long biasETH/USD+20.4net bias, percentage points (long % − short %)
Data table
Data — Crypto, August 2026
SymbolShare of class flowLongShortNet bias
BTC/USD65.6%63.8%36.2%+27.6 pts
ETH/USD24.3%60.2%39.8%+20.4 pts
SOL/USD6.2%66.9%33.1%+33.8 pts

03 · The trading clock

When the machines trade

Automated doesn't mean around-the-clock. In August 2026 the busiest hour was 14:00–15:00 UTC (8.3% of the day's flow) and the quietest was 01:00–02:00 (1.5%) — automation still keeps market hours, concentrating where its markets are most alive. All times UTC.

Flow by hour of day

Share of the period's tracked signals per UTC hour · peak and quietest hours labeled · mid-afternoon peak = the London–New York overlap

00: 1.8%0001: 1.5%1.5%02: 1.6%03: 1.9%0304: 2.2%05: 2.6%06: 3.4%0607: 4.6%08: 5.6%09: 5.2%0910: 4.8%11: 4.6%12: 5.4%1213: 6.8%14: 8.3%8.3%15: 8.1%1516: 6.9%17: 5.4%18: 4.4%1819: 3.8%20: 3.2%21: 2.7%2122: 2.4%23: 2.8%
Data table
Data — flow by hour (UTC), August 2026
HourShare of flow
00:00–01:001.8%
01:00–02:001.5%
02:00–03:001.6%
03:00–04:001.9%
04:00–05:002.2%
05:00–06:002.6%
06:00–07:003.4%
07:00–08:004.6%
08:00–09:005.6%
09:00–10:005.2%
10:00–11:004.8%
11:00–12:004.6%
12:00–13:005.4%
13:00–14:006.8%
14:00–15:008.3%
15:00–16:008.1%
16:00–17:006.9%
17:00–18:005.4%
18:00–19:004.4%
19:00–20:003.8%
20:00–21:003.2%
21:00–22:002.7%
22:00–23:002.4%
23:00–00:002.8%

Flow by day of week

Weekend flow (2.2% combined) is almost entirely crypto — the only tracked class whose markets stay open.

Mon: 18.2%MonTue: 21.4%TueWed: 21.9%21.9%WedThu: 20.7%ThuFri: 15.6%FriSat: 1%1%SatSun: 1.2%Sun
Data table
Data — flow by weekday, August 2026
DayShare of flow
Mon18.2%
Tue21.4%
Wed21.9%
Thu20.7%
Fri15.6%
Sat1%
Sun1.2%

04 · Reports · RSS

Monthly reports

The narrative editions: what moved, what flipped, what surprised us.

05 · Method

How the numbers are made — and what we never publish

Every figure on this page is an aggregate over the stated month: shares of tracked flow, long/short splits over position-opening commands, all summing to 100% with sub-threshold markets excluded rather than estimated. Never account-level, license-level or order-level data. No figure small enough that one trader could move it. No broker names. No performance claims. Corrections are noted, never silent.